Reference: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x/pdf
Purpose: Survey
Page 2. Definiton, Uniqueness
Page 3. Launch Dates
Research
Page 10. Impression Management, Friendship Performance, Online Representation
Page 11. Networks and Network Structure
Page 12. Bridging Online and Offline Social Networks
Page 12. Privacy
Reference: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.x/pdf
Purpose: Study on Social Capital
Page 3. Definition
Page 3. We use Facebook as a research context in order to determine whether offline
social capital can be generated by online tools. The results of our study show that
Facebook use among college-age respondents was significantly associated with measures of social capital.
Page 22. Results/Conclusion
Building Social Web Applications
(Reference: http://shop.oreilly.com/product/9780596518769.do)
Why are you building a community?
Building any sort of community site entails creating and managing many kinds of social relationships that are tightly bound to the context of their creation
Focus
products
content
activities
RelationshipTypes
Customer-service-driven
customer service based on the company generating the product or service
customer service in a more retail-based setup in which he company is selling branded goods coming from another company
Publisher-driven
a strong voice at the center of the organization, usually the publisher, directs the opinions and views of the organization, and the viewers, readers, and listeners react
Member-driven
Contributor-driven
Pros/Cons
customer-service-driven, publisher-driven, and member-driven—the emphasis is on the site as a whole and the conversations that occur within it. There are few tools to connect the conversation to the outside world.
contributor-driven—tends to be more open, allowing hosted content to be displayed off-site by embedding tools that allow for redisplay; e.g., YouTube videos or SlideShare presentations.
Site Process
Purpose
Primary objects
Items customers or readers own or give to you.
| Site |
URL |
Social object |
| Flickr |
http://www.flickr.com |
Conversations about photographs (plus video and places) |
| Seesmic |
http://seesmic.com |
Video conversations |
| FFFFOUND! |
http://www.ffffound.com |
Pictures |
| Dopplr |
http://www.dopplr.com |
Trips (and meeting up with friends) |
| Twitter |
http://twitter.com |
Short text messages |
| FriendFeed |
http://friendfeed.com |
Aggregated flow of content and responses from a person |
| Delicious |
http://delicious.com |
URLs |
| Upcoming |
http://upcoming.yahoo.com |
Events and who is attending |
| SlideShare |
http://www.slideshare.net |
Presentations and the people who gave them |
| Last.fm |
http://www.last.fm |
Music listened to |
| YouTube |
http://www.youtube.com |
Videos |
Relationships
What will the conversations focus on in your world?
Who will go to your site?
What will make them tell someone else about it?
Why will they stay?
Who will they interact with?
================================
Thinking of the entire lifespan of user experience is helpful
- Pre-awareness: Before the individual is aware of need
- Awareness: Recognition of need
- Search: Looking for a solution
- Analysis: Choosing the right “product”
- Acquisition: Making the purchase or commitment
- Membership: Deeper involvement, self-describing; I am a…
- Integration: Part of regular life; peer recognition in community
- Expertise: Extending their knowledge, more depth
- Withdrawal: Leaving the community with interest or need satisfied
================================
Visual Impact
Dynamic Interactions
Partial Page Reloads
Community-Generated Pages
Navigation
Design
People make up their minds about a site in seconds
Page Types
- Home Page
- Static Page: e.g. help text, guidelines, API notes, and terms of service
- Application Page: form based pages that drive your app
Design Approaches
- Software Design: developing the backend solution first often leads to a very data-centric view of the world, in which the user interface is there to provide the controls to the database.
- Visual interface first (Apple's approach), visual design done first and the code done second
- Wireframes: wireframes present a complex mix of the content, layout, and functionality of a page. They give a sense of what will be on the page, but fall short of specifying an actual design.
- Sketching: Sketching on paper or whiteboard is a final way of working to figure out the high-level structure of your site’s design
Media Consumption
You need to understand the position your site fulfills with respect to the content or industry it is in.
Consumption Patterns
Social App/Object Rather Than Artifact Commonalities
- A profile page, which represents the person and aggregates his content from the site into one place. These can be different pages, but the concept is the same.
- A means for the people on the site to find out who everyone is and what they have created.
- A means of finding the content on the site and a unique reference for that content.
- A means of commenting on or reviewing the unique items of content.
- A means of rating or marking as favorites the items of content.
- A means of finding the content on the site and a unique reference for that content via a search system and stable consistent URLs.
Change
- Change is complex to manage and is inherent to launching a new website or launching new functionality on a website
- Humans dislike not being able to control change at their own pace
- Add new functionality so that it extends (rather than conflicts with) their existing ways of thinking
Schema Theory
Psychology offers some theories that describe more formally how we understand processes
and situations. F.C. Bartlett developed schema theory in the 1930s (see Remembering:
An Experimental and Social Study [Cambridge University Press]). Bartlett
explored how people recall facts from stories over a period of a year since first hearing
them. He deduced from this experiment that we create fairly fixed ideas for how things
work. For instance, we have schema for how we expect a restaurant to operate: restaurants
have tables and chairs, there is a menu to choose from, and food is brought
out by waiters.
Congruence
The degree of fit between a situation and our schema is termed congruence, so using
the restaurant analogy, a traditional Italian eatery is highly congruent with our ideas of
a restaurant, whereas a Chinese takeout is not, despite the fact that both serve food.
Adaptation
A second aspect of schema theory is change. The schemas that people have can change,
but they do not change quickly; this process is called adaptation.
Rate Of Change
Understanding the processes people use to accomplish daily tasks will ensure a better
chance of a good fit for your project
Designing for People
Viewpoints
- The user who is not logged in
- The logged-in user looking at her pages
- The logged-in user looking at other people’s pages
- Potential group memberships
- Admin views
Active Theory
Activity Theory is an alternative model for the way human beings use everyday tools
and process information. The theory starts with the idea that the focus of human
existence is our social interaction; in fact, that consciousness derives from social interaction.
Activity Theory was originated by Lem Vogoysky and Aleksei Leontiev, and
essentially it focuses on the idea that all human activity is social in nature and by engaging
in this activity we are changed by it. An activity is composed of a subject and an
object, mediated by a tool (counting, writing, signage, etc.).
- Find your object. There should be a primary social object for relationships to focus
on.
- Work out the verbs. What is the activity that the social interaction is hung upon?
- Make it easy to discover new objects and activities. Make it simple to find new objects
and obvious how to interact with these objects. Support a social context.
Creating Service Functionality Documents
Aim
Goal
Assumptions
Out of scope
Who will use this
Tasks
Context
Navigation
Connections to other SFDs
Search
Search is one of the common first places for new visitors to a site to explore.
Product Creation Guidelines
- Understand the activities people are doing
- Use personas to shape product creation
- Create prototypes as part of product planning
- Create a visual design before implementing any code
- Plan your URLs as part of the product design process
- Build the smallest thing you can
- Launch with an API and RSS feeds
- Link people to content and to one another
- Build on top of other people’s components and services
- Release regularly and make iterative changes
- Scale when you need to
- The Web is not the only interface
- Support search as a primary task
Relationships, Responsibilities, and Privacy
Personal Identity and Reputation
The responsible approach is to link the activity to the identity
of its creator so that it is clear who made or said what. This linking strengthens the
community and gives a stronger scope for introductions and interactions.
Handling Public, Private, and Gray Information
Take care that you are not disclosing more than your community might expect you to. Starting with the premise that information is private, and you are explicitly sharing
information with others, changes the basis for aggregation
Managing Access for Content Reuse, Applications, and OtherDevelopers
APIs. Don't give away too much, e.g. you might not allow an API that enables automated. message sending